precast concrete finish grades

2. History of the concrete mix and finish can also provide useful information. These include brick, tile, and terra cotta which are usually embedded or cast into precast; and granite, limestone, and marble which are typically veneered via pins or connectors. Film-forming coatings usually offer a higher level of performance but will have a significant impact on the appearance of the precast concrete unit.The precast concrete panel should also be designed to provide the appropriate level of durability for the planned exposure. The goal of 'Whole Building' Design is to create a successful high-performance building by applying an integrated design and team approach to the project during the planning and programming phases. Precast concrete can also be painted or stained. For evaluation of these surfaces the Standard requires that samples of the finish and colour …

Paste dominate finishes are usually more susceptible to color variation and changes in color with time.

The precast concrete products industry focuses on utility, underground and other non-prestressed products, and is represented primarily by the National Precast Concrete Association (NPCA).

Polished exposed aggregate concrete finishes compare favorably with polished natural stone façades, such as granite.

Formliners can also be used, especially when repetitive patterns or unique textures are needed. Painting is used purely for decorative purposes, due to the high-strength, durable nature of precast concrete panels. The wall cavity space and back up wall which is usually covered with a water resistant membrane provide a secondary line of protection against water penetration into the building.Precast wall panels derive their thermal performance characteristics primarily from the amount of insulation placed in the cavity or within the backup wall, which is commonly a metal stud wall in commercial construction.The most common moisture protection system used with precast concrete wall systems is a barrier system incorporating an adequate joint seal. To learn more about forms and design, see the following Designer's Notebooks. In many applications, electrical and telecommunications conduit and boxes are cast directly into the panels in the specified locations. The exterior surface of precast concrete can vary from an exposed aggregate finish that is highly ornamental to a form face finish that is similar to cast-in-place.
Precast panels with differing depths of surface profiling also require more care in maintaining sufficient concrete cover over the embedded reinforcing steel.

As a result, a surface treatment, such as a sealer, should be considered where this technique is used for finishing.A precast panel with a highly architectural surface will present challenges in development of a concrete mix and placement of reinforcing steel.

Sealers can be either clear or pigmented if used as an enhancement of the precast appearance. Reasons for use 1. Products include: Precast concrete transportation products are used in the construction, safety, and site protection of road, airport, and railroad transportation systems. If a sealer or concrete coating has been used for aesthetics or to minimize moisture penetration into the panel, the sealer or coating will require reapplication. This allows for differential movement between these materials which are often large sections. See Cast-In-Place Concrete Wall Systems for additional information, as well as the information included under Resources in this section.A precast concrete wall system and cast-in-place facade will provide similar performance regarding sound transmission from the exterior to the interior of the building. In fact, for high-rise buildings precast concrete panels can pose a serious safety hazard when a fire occurs that damages the panel connections and causes a panel to then fall from the building.

However, it does possess its vulnerabilities.Although precast concrete greatly increases the the life concrete with live without being exposed to weathering, this inevitable effect will show its power at some point.

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